Title
A Formal Design for ThreeDimensional Spatial Data in Database Systems: A Spatial Data Model,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Previous work with spatial database systems has dealt mostly with two dimensions and more with implementation than with design issues. This dissertation deals with the formal design of three dimensional spatial database systems and with the need for abstraction in the design. Use of abstraction in the formal design of data models allows a database system developer to consider the comprehensive needs of users at an ideal level unencumbered by implementation details. The dissertation also presents a set of robust three dimensional geometric primitives that could form the core of a discrete data model. Although a discrete data model is more concrete than SPAL3D, it has some abstraction. The dissertation offers a precise and conceptually clean specification and foundation for implementing a Database Management System (DBMS) extension for threedimensional data. Assuming the existence of an implementation of this type system, it demonstrates the embedding of the spatial data types as attribute data types in database schemas as well as the incorporation of the operations and predicates into queries formulated in a possible extension of SQL.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.