Title
An invitro sudy on the flexural strength of porcelain veneers: Influence of preparation design and bonding agent,Used
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The objective of the research was to determine the role of preparation designs and bonding agents on the flexural strength of porcelain veneers. Fortyfive intact human maxillary anterior teeth viz 15 central incisors, 15 lateral incisors and 15 canines were selected. Thirty six teeth were subjected to tooth preparation for veneers to be used for experiments. Nine teeth were kept to serve as controls. Of the thirty six teeth, eighteen were prepared with window design and eighteen with palatal overlap with chamfer margin. Veneers were prepared in IPS Empress Esthetic. For bonding, Variolink II and Metacem were used. The bonded specimens were subjected to mechanical flexural strength tests with Universal testing machine. All fractured specimens were subjected to scanning electron microscopy. Results of the study revealed that preparation designs viz. window preparation and palatal overlap with chamfer did not have variable influence on the flexural strength of the teeth restored with veneers. However the type of bonding cement influenced the flexural strength. Teeth bonded with Variolink II exhibited higher flexural strength compared to Metacem.
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⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
For more information, please visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
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Shipping & Returns
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We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
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