Title
Atomic InnerShell Physics (Physics of Atoms and Molecules),Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
The physics of atomic inner shells has undergone significant advances in recent years. Fast computers and new experimental tools, notably syn chrotronradiation sources and heavyion accelerators, have greatly enhan ced the scope of problems that are accessible. The level of research activity is growing substantially; added incentives are provided by the importance of innershell processes in such diverse areas as plasma studies, astrophysics, laser technology, biology, medicine, and materials science. The main reason for all this exciting activity in atomic innershell physics, to be sure, lies in the significance of the fundamental problems that are coming within grasp. The large energies of many innershell processes cause relativistic and quantumelectrodynamic effects to become strong. Unique opportunities exist for delicate tests of such phenomena as the screening of the electron selfenergy and the limits of validity of the present form of the frequencydependent Breit interaction, to name but two. The manybody problem, which pervades virtually all of physics, presents somewhat less intractable aspects in the atomic innershell regime: correlations are relatively weak so that they can be treated perturbatively, and the basic potential is simple and known! The dynamics of innershell processes are characterized by exceedingly short lifetimes and high transition rates that strain perturbation theory to its limits and obliterate the traditional separation of excitation and deexcitation. These factors are only now being explored, as are interference phenomena between the various channels.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.