Title
Bacterial flora in Crohn's disease tissues: A molecular approach,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Crohn?s disease is an idiopathic, chronic, segmental and transmural inflammatory bowel disease. Three models implying a role for bacteria have been proposed: infection by a single, hitherto unknown pathogen; an unbalanced composition of the bowel flora; and an abnormally increased passage of bacteria through the bowel wall. We tested these hypotheses by an experimental approach combining morphology and molecular bacteriology. The test protocol consisted of microdissection of Crohn?s lesions from histological slides, DNA isolation, purification and sequencing of bacterial DNA, and identification of bacteria based on these sequences. Legionellaceae were specific for Crohn. Ulcers in Crohn?s disease were also enriched in Enterobacteriaceae. The bowel wall in Crohn?s disease further contained larger numbers of bacteria than in controls. Overall, it is not yet possible to exclude the existence of a unique pathogen, such as in Helicobacter pyloriinduced gastritis. Fullblown Crohn?s disease is however clearly associated with important disturbances of the normal composition and spatial distribution of the intestinal flora.
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Shipping & Returns
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We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
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