Title
Bioavailability and solubility equilibria of heavy metals in soils: Dynamics of cadmium, lead and zinc,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Metal adsorption by garden soils as a function of soil solution pH, indicated increasing metal adsorption with pH. At pH >5.0 more Pb was adsorbed than Zn or Cd. Soluble Zn, Pb and Cd concentrations in soils after 600 hours of reactions decreased almost linearly with pH. This was attributed to increasing charge density of the soils and the hydrolysis of metal cations. At pH below 6.5, the likely control on Zn2+ activities in soil solution was Franklinite (ZnFe2O4), but between pH 7 and 9, Zn2+ activities in soil solution approached the solubility isotherm of Hopeite (Zn3(PO4)2. The log Pb2+ pH activity isotherms indicated that at pH < 6, Pb2+ activities in soil solution were close to chloropyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3Cl] solubility, but as pH increased from 6 to 8, the activities of Pb2+ approached the solubility isotherm of Cerrusite (PbCO3). The log Cd2+pH activity isotherms indicated that below pH 6.8, Cd2+ activities were either in equilibrium with or slightly oversaturated to Cd3(PO4)2 solubility. The dominant inorganic Zn complex was ZnSO4o followed by ZnOH+, ZnCl+ and Zn(OH)2o in that order.
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⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
For more information, please visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
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Shipping & Returns
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We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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