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Vor rund 350 Millionen Jahren drfte die Klasse der Chondrichthyes entstanden sein, deren bekannteste Vertreter die modernen Haie sind. Die Untersuchung ihrer Morpho logie erscheint interessant, weil sie einen Konstruktionszustand reprsentieren, der die Grundlage fr das Verstndnis von Phylogenie und Ontogenie vieler Wirbeltiere bildet. Bei der Erforschung des funktionellen Baues des cranialen Skelettes haben deshalb schon um die Jahrhundertwende Tiesing (1896), Sewertzoff (1899) und Luther (1908/ 1909) auf die Ordnung der Selachier zurckgegriffen. Leider gingen diese ersten An stze wie auch die Arbeiten von Garman (1913), Daniel (1915) und Graf Haller (1926) ber Beschreibungen und Vergleiche kaum hinaus. Beim Menschen unternahmen zu nchst Weigele (1921) und Richter (1921), spter auch Molitor (1969) und Kppers (1971) den Versuch, mechanische Gesetzmigkeiten im Bau des Unterkiefers aufzu finden. Doch erst 1963 gelang es Crompton und Parkyn, die von sugetierhnlichen Reptilien ausgingen, allgemeine Regeln der Statik auf die Unterkieferentwicklung bei den Sugetieren zu bertragen. Sie kamen zu dem Schlu, da in der Entwicklungs reihe zu den Sugetieren zwei Tendenzen eine wichtige Rolle spielen: die fortschrei tende Gelenkentlastung und die effektivere Ausnutzung der Muskelkraft durch Anlage eines lngeren Hebelarmes. Alexander (1968) beschftigte sich allgemein mit Tierme chanik und widmete dem Gebiet der Unterkieferstatik bei Sugetieren einige Kapitel, wobei er hauptschlich auf Crompton (1963) zurckgriff. Alle diese Untersuchungen beschftigen sich rein theoretisch hauptschlich mit der Kaumuskulatur, deren Zug richtung, deren Hebelarmen und der sich daraus ergebenden mechanischen Beanspru chung des Kiefers.
⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer,
birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
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