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Das komplexe elektrische Feld des erregten Herzens resultiert aus der Uberlagerung vieler Einzelkomponenten. Die elementare Feldkomponente wird von der einzelnen Herzmuskelfaser (Zellkette) erzeugt, in der sich eine Erregung ausbreitet oder zuruckbildet. Die Herzmuskel faser wirkt hierbei als Dipolquelle und bestimmt die Richtung und Starke des elementaren Dipolvektors. An der Erzeugung quellenferner Spannungen wie sie z. B. beim EkgAbgriff gemessen wer den sind aus physikalischen Grunden nur Potentialdifferenzen beteiligt, die in Langsrichtung der Herzmuskelfasern auftreten. Sie entstehen als Folge von lokalen Veranderungen der trans membranaren Potentialdifferenzen im Verlauf der Erregungsfortleitung bzw. ruckbildung. Die Richtung des Dipolvektors ist an der Erregungsfront entgegengesetzt zur Vektorrichtung in der Zone der Erregungsruckbildung. Da die freie Weglange der Herzmuskelfasern in der Regel wesentlich geringer ist als die Lange der Erregungswelle (ca. 0,03: 1), konnen beide Vektoren nicht gleichzeitig wirksam werden. Die Starke des momentanen Faserdipols ist daher vor allem wahrend der Erregungsruckbildung abhangig von der freien Weglange, von der Leitungs geschwindigkeit und vom Zeitverlauf des Aktionspotentials. Vergrosserung der freien Weglange, Beschleunigung der Repolarisation und/oder Verminderung der Leitungsgeschwindigkeit erhohen die momentane Dipolstarke. Der Beitrag der Einzelfaser zur Grosse des Spannungsabgriffs an der Korperoberflache wird u. a. bestimmt von der Richtung des Faserverlaufs, vom Abstand zur Oberflache und von elek trischen Eigenschaften des zwischengeschalteten Mediums. Literatur l.Antoni, H., Adv. Cardiol. 16,6 (1976). 2. Barr, L., Dewey, M. M. and Berger, W., J. Gen."
⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer,
birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
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