Title
Infrastructure and the Complexity of Economic Development (Advances in Spatial Science),Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Few otherfacetsofsocial andeconomic life are sopoorly understood and yet so indisput ablyvital for prosperous development as irifrastructure. Sincetheearly 1980sresearchers and policy makers in various OECD nations have started to readdress the issue ofinfra structure investments. This renewed interest has been promptedby a varietyofconcerns. One observation was that such investments were declining from levels which mighthave been inadequate in the first place. A second observation was that the timing of these cutbacks in infrastructure spending seemed to roughly coincide with lower rates of growth in outputorproductivity. This raised the intriguing question ofwhetherthe latter might be attributable to the former. Coulditbe thatinfrastructureinvestmentscontrolan economy's rate of productivity growth? The response in many countries has been to initiate theirownresearch in an attempttoverify orrejectthis hypothesis. But the more welearn abouttheroleofinfrastructure anditsrelationships with therest of the economy, the more complicated it seems to be. Time itself is quite difficult to accommodate given the wide variety ofspeeds atwhich differentpartsofaneconomycan adjust. Because of this inherent complexity, we tend to break the problem down into 'bitesizedchunks', thereby enabling us toisolate the parts ofinterest to us such as the impact of infrastructure on productivity. In this way we can ignore the complex inter actions betweenour areaofinterest and the restofour world. By saying ceteris paribus, we overlook many otherkey infrastructuralimpacts like those on theenvironmentandon ouroverall qualityoflife. This distorts the true picture.
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⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
For more information, please visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Secure Payment
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.