Title
NonUniformities in ThinFilm Solar Cells and Modules: Analysis of Impact of NonUniformities on ThinFilm Solar Cells and Modul,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Thinfilm PV technology due to its fast production line, large area panels and low material usage, is one of the most promising lowcost technologies. Due to their granular structure, thinfilm solar cells are inherently nonuniform. Fluctuations inevitably occur during the multistep deposition process of large area thinfilm solar panels and specific manufacturing procedures. Furthermore, non uniformities can become more severe, or increase in size during the solarpanel's life cycle. Non uniformities reduce the overall efficiency of solar cells and modules, and their effects therefore need to be well understood. This manuscript focuses on the analysis of the effect of nonuniformities on small size solar cells and modules with the help of numerical simulations. Even though the 2D model developed here can analyze the effect of nonuniformities of any nature, only two specific types of microscopic nonuniformities were addressed here: shunts and weakdiodes. One type of macroscopic nonuniformity, partial shading, was also addressed. The circuit model developed here is a network of diodes, currentsources, and transparentconductiveoxide resistors.
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For more information, please visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.