Title
Patterns of Trade, Specialisation and Business Cycles in Europe: Implications for Monetary Union,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
On the introduction of the euro in 1999, eleven countries gave up independent monetary policy to a common European Central Bank. In making that decision many were concerned whether these countries are structurally and cyclically ready to cope with a one size fits all monetary policy. This study analyses the structural and cyclical properties of European countries of the past 50 years and considers whether prolonged and extended economic integration has brought the European economies together or is dividing them. Some economists consider the Optimum Currency Area criteria to be endogenous, so that economies might eventually meet the OCA criteria ex post joining a single currency, even if they do no ex ante. This study establishes the theoretical foundations of OCA and by using country and regional data, examines the determinants of business cycle synchronicity and the patterns of trade, specialisation and business cycles since 1960, providing a outlook for the future of the euro. This study provides a diverse and comprehensive approach to the endogeneity of OCAs and would be useful for anyone interested in the development of monetary union in Europe.
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⚠️ WARNING (California Proposition 65):
This product may contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
For more information, please visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Secure Payment
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.