Title
Periodontal Diagnostic Markers: A Literature Review,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both. Diagnostic Marker can be defined as any biochemical compound such as antigen, antibody, abnormal enzyme, or hormone that is sufficiently altered in a disease to serve as an aid in diagnosis or in predicting susceptibility to the disease. Their findings serve as a basis for treatment planning and provide essential data during periodontal maintenance and diseasemonitoring phases of treatment. Thus, we can say that biomarkers, whether produced by normal healthy individuals or by individuals affected by specific systemic diseases, are telltale molecules that provides pertinent information for differential diagnosis, localization of disease and severity of infection. Therefore, in this particular literature review, we aim to evaluate the potential diagnostic utility of various biological markers present in oral fluids, such as saliva and GCF and its potential application for the early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases.
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We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
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To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
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