Removal of Nitrophenols by Modified Attapulgite: Removal of o, m, and pNitrophenol by Surfactantmodified Attapulgite,Used

Removal of Nitrophenols by Modified Attapulgite: Removal of o, m, and pNitrophenol by Surfactantmodified Attapulgite,Used

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This thesis concerns with the use of Iraqi Clay (attapulgite) for the removal of hazardous organic water pollutants, namely onitrophenol, mnitrophenol and pnitrophenol from their aqueous solutions. Attapulgite was modified by surfactant (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA)). Attapulgite and its modified form (AHDTMA), were purified, sampled and characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDS) technique. Batch experiments were carried out at pre determined equilibration time, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, ionic strength, initial nitrophenols concentration and temperature. The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity for onitrophenol, mnitrophenol and pnitrophenol of the two clays are in the order: pnitrophenol > onitrophenol > mnitrophenol. Adsorption of nitrophenols was strongly affected by pH and best adsorption is achieved at pH 7.2. The maximum nitrophenols adsorption capacities increased from 1.438, 1.242 and 1.072 mg.g1 of pnitrophenol, onitrophenol and mnitrophenol, respectively on raw attapulgite clay to 3.226, 3.076 and 2.988 mg g1 for AHDTMA.

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