Title
SUBLETHAL BIOMARKER RESPONSES TO Cu IN OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS: INTEGRATED SUBLETHAL BIOMARKER RESPONSES TO AQUEOUS COPPER EXP,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Contamination of aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals has become a global problem and the impact of them on aquatic environments is severe due to the inability of water to disperse contaminants. To meet this threat, ecotoxicologists face a difficult challenge on how to assess the longterm impacts of metals which have already been released into the environment. Biomarkers indicate molecular and biochemical responses in exposed individuals as a tool to assess the status of an impacted environment and they can also serve as a basis for a Rapid Risk Assessment of Fish Health. In this context, this study evaluated three biomarkers (metallothionein (MT), Na+K+ ATPase and heat shock/stress protein 70 (HSP 70)) to determine the integrated physiological responses in Oreochromis mossambicus to one metal (copper (Cu)) at a sub lethal level over the short term. The information gained from these tests was valuable in suggesting what the baseline levels of biomarkers in O. mossambicus would be. The demand for sensitive, specific and rapid biological assays was also addressed by the development of an HSP 70 ELISA.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.