Title
The Dark Hollow Gaussian Laser Beams in Aberrated Optical Systems: The Intensity Distribution of Focused Dark Hollow Gaussian La,Used
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
We derived the radial intensity distribution of the HGB analytical based on Collins integral for aberrationfree lens by two methods one of them is new "in the best of our knowledge". A numerical solution of a two dimensional generalized Collins diffraction integral equation for a HGB propagating through an apertured paraxial ABCD optical system is derived and investigated. The properties of the radial intensity distribution, dark spot size DSS and widthradius ratio WRR parameters of the HGB throughout the geometrical focal plane are studied and an optimum value for each is calculated. And we developed an expression that describes the hollow Gaussian beams (HGBs) passing through a spherically aberrated lens by using the Collins formula. The radial intensity distribution in lens exhibits relatively large of both positive spherical aberration PSA and negative spherical aberration NSA are calculated.
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Shipping & Returns
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We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
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