The Rough Guide to Greek Islands,Used

IntroductionIt would take a lifetime of islandhopping to really get to know the more than 160 permanently inhabited Greek islands, let alone the countless smaller gull roosts which dot the Aegean and Ionian seas. At the right time of year or day, they conform remarkably well to their fantastic travelposter image; any tourist board would give their eyeteeth for the commonplace vision of purple shadowed island silhouettes floating on a cobaltandrose horizon.Closer to hand, island beaches come in all shapes, sizes and consistencies, from discrete crescents framed by treefringed cliffs straight out of a Japanese screen painting, to deserted, milelong gifts deposited by small streams, where you could imagine enacting Crusoe scenarios among the dunes. But inland there is always civilization, whether the tiny cubist villages of the remoter outposts, or burgeoning resorts as cosmopolitan and brazen as any in the Mediterranean.What amazes most firsttime visitors is how, despite the strenuous efforts of developers and arsonists, this environment has not yet been utterly destroyed. If you're used to the murky waters of the open Mediterranean as sampled in Spain, Israel or southern France, then the Aegean will come as a revelation, with thirtytofortyfoot visibility the norm. This relative lack of pollution is proclaimed at certain beachfronts by touristboard signs bestowing "Golden Starfish" or EUratified "Blue Flag" awards on the place: patently self congratulatory, but with basis in fact at many coves, where live starfish or octopi curl up to avoid you, and dover sole, cuttlefish or rays skitter off across the bottom. The sea is also a watersports paradise: the joys of snorkelling and kayaking are on offer to the untrained, and some of the best windsurfing areas in the world beckon. Yacht charter, whether bareboat or skippered, is big business, particularly out of Rhodes, Klymnos, Lefkdha, Pros and Piraeus; indeed,the Greek islands are rated on a par with the Caribbean for quality sailing itineraries. And during the months when the sea is too cold or the weather too blustery, many islands not necessarily the largest ones offer superb hiking on surviving muletrails between hill villages, or up the highest summits.Although more protected than the Greek mainland from invasions, the various island groups have been subjected to a staggering variety of foreign influences. Romans, Arabs, Byzantines, crusading Knights of Saint John, Genoese, Venetians, French, English, Italians and Ottomans have all controlled various islands since the time of Alexander the Great. The high tide of empire has left behind countless monuments: frescoed Byzantine churches and monasteries, the fortified Venetian towns of the Cyclades and the Ionians, the more conventional castles of the Genoese and Knights in the northeast Aegean and Dodecanese, Ottoman bridges and mosques, and the Art Deco or mockRenaissance edifices of the Italian Fascist administration.Constructions from many of these eras are often juxtaposed with or even superimposed on the cities and temples of ancient Greece, which provide the foundation in all senses for claims of an enduring Hellenic cultural identity down the centuries; museums, particularly on Crete, Smos, Rhodes and L'mnos, amply document the archeological evidence. But it was medieval Greek peasants, fisherman and shepherds, working without a local ruling class or formal Renaissance to impose models of taste or patronize the arts, who most tangibly and recently contributed to our idea of Greekness with their songs and dances, costumes, weaving and vernacular architecture, some unconsciously drawing on ancient antecedents. Much of this has vanished in recent decades, replaced by an avalanche of bouzouki cassettes, "genuine museum copies" and bawdy postcards in tacky souvenir shops, but enough remains in isolated pockets for visitors to marvel at its combination of form and function.Of course, most G