Title
Trade Expansion Through Market Connection: The Central Asian Markets Of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, And Tajikistan (World Bank ,New
Delivery time: 8-12 business days (International)
Production and export diversification expose firms to domestic and international competition, which enhances productivity and ultimately drives a countrys structural transformation from agriculture to industry to services. This structural transformation is accompanied by a spatial transformation seen in the increasing role of leading cities and their hinterlands in production and trade. As Central Asian countries cope with the effects of the global crisis, there is a need to think strategically about how to strengthen their export competitiveness in the medium to longterm. This is particularly challenging for these countries that have small domestic markets and are landlocked and relatively remote from large markets; they suffer from low domestic economic density, long distances to markets, and significant economic divisions between trading partners and major markets.The report recommends that Central Asian countries build their exportdiversification policies on three spatial levels, corresponding with the framework from the 2009 World Bank World Development Report: urban (leading city), area (cityhinterland), and regional (integration with regional markets). It recommends focusing on the two leading cities Almaty and Astana in Kazakhstan, Bishkek and Osh in the Kyrgyz Republic, and Dushanbe and Khujand in Tajikistan connecting these leading cities with their agricultural hinterland to unleash the potential of the regions agriculturerelated activities, and improving the connections between the six leading cities and major regional markets, such as China, India, Russia, and Turkey, along a northsouth road corridor. Policymakers in these countries must take actions along the above three dimensions, and in parallel, to obtain results.
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Shipping & Returns
Shipping
We ship your order within 2–3 business days for USA deliveries and 5–8 business days for international shipments. Once your package has been dispatched from our warehouse, you'll receive an email confirmation with a tracking number, allowing you to track the status of your delivery.
Returns
To facilitate a smooth return process, a Return Authorization (RA) Number is required for all returns. Returns without a valid RA number will be declined and may incur additional fees. You can request an RA number within 15 days of the original delivery date. For more details, please refer to our Return & Refund Policy page.
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Warranty
We provide a 2-year limited warranty, from the date of purchase for all our products.
If you believe you have received a defective product, or are experiencing any problems with your product, please contact us.
This warranty strictly does not cover damages that arose from negligence, misuse, wear and tear, or not in accordance with product instructions (dropping the product, etc.).
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Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.
We accept payments with :
Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Paypal, Shopify Payments, Shop Pay and more.