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U.S. National Security and Foreign Policymaking After 9/11: Present at the Recreation,New
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In December 2004 the 109th Congress passed and President George W. Bush signed the Intelligence Reform and Intelligence Prevention Act (IRTPA). M. Kent Bolton argues that IRTPA represented a change in the trajectory of U.S. nationalsecurity policythe first fundamental, demonstrable change since the 1947 National Security Act (1947 NSA) became law creating a unified U.S. Department of Defense, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the National Security Council, among other entities. As the 1947 NSA presaged a new era of U.S. policymaking, so too did the IRTPA. As such the IRTPA represents an extraordinarily important piece of legislation for students and scholars of U.S. foreign and nationalsecurity policy. The author documents how and why it became law and how it has affected policymaking. He further argues that the changes begun by 9/11 and memorialized by IRTPA will likely affect U.S. nationalsecurity policymaking for decades if not generations.
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