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In summary, we have demonstrated intense xray lasing from nickellike plasmas of Mo, Pd, Ag, and Sn by utilizing a short (8 ps) prepulse irradiating the target at a grazing angle of incidence of 22.5, i.e., collinear with the 3 J, 8 ps main pulse. Saturated lasing has not been proved yet, but comparison with signal levels achieved in previous work suggests that saturation has well been reached in these experiments. This is supported by the fact that a large range of prepulse energies and time intervals gives rise to intense xray lasing, as has been demonstrated in the case of Pd. References 1. Yu.V. Afanas'ev and V.N. Shlyaptsev: 'Formation of a population inversion of transitions in Nelike ions in steadystate and transient plasmas', Sov. J. Quant. Electron. 19, 1606, 1989. 2. M.P. Kalashnikov et al.: 'Saturated operation of a transient collisional xray laser', Phys. Rev. A 57, 4778, 1998; J. Dunn et al.: 'Gain saturation regime for laserdriven tabletop, transient Nilike ion Xray lasers', Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4834, 2000. 3. V.N. Shlyaptsev et al.: Numerical study of transient and capillary xray lasers and their applications, Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5197, 221228, 2003; R. Keenan et al., Efficient pumping scheme for highaverage brightness collisonal xray lasers, ibid., 213220.
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